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\begin{center} \LARGE \textsf{-- General Linux 1 -- \\
Configure Fundamental BIOS Settings }
\LARGE \textsf{[3] } \\[2mm]
\large  \textsf{(Linux Professional Institute Certification)}\\[1mm]

\normalsize\end{center}

\footnote{Copyright \copyright\ 2002 Geoffrey Robertson. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies or modified versions of this document provided that this copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation---either version 2 of the License or (at your option) any later version.}
 
\scriptsize 
\begin{verbatim} 
   .~.    
   /V\     by: geoffrey robertson        
  // \\        geoffrey@zip.com.au
  @._.@ 
\end{verbatim} 
\tiny
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$Id: gl1.101.1.slides.tex,v 1.4 2003/05/30 04:56:33 waratah Exp $ 
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\begin{slide} %ghr
\slideheading{Configure BIOS Fundamental Settings [3]}
\slidesubheading{(1.1) 101 Hardware \& Architecture [11]}
\begin{description}
  \item[1.101.1] {\bf \underline{Configure BIOS Fundamental Settings [3]}}
  \item[1.101.3] Configure Modem and Sound Cards [2]
  \item[1.101.4] Setup SCSI Devices [2]
  \item[1.101.5] Set Up Different PC Expansion Cards [2]
  \item[1.101.6] Configure Communication Devices [2]
  \item[1.101.7] Set Up USB devices [2]
\end{description}
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\begin{slide} %ghr
\Slideheading{Configure BIOS Fundamental Settings [3]}
\slidesubheading{Objective} 

Candidates should be able to configure fundamental system hardware by
making the correct settings in the system BIOS. This objective
includes a proper understanding of BIOS configuration issues such as
the use of LBA on IDE hard disks larger than 1024 cylinders, enabling
or disabling integrated peripherals, as well as configuring systems
with (or without) external peripherals such as keyboards. It also
includes the correct setting for IRQ, DMA and I/O addresses for all
BIOS administrated ports and settings for error handling.

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\begin{slide} %ghr
\Slideheading{Configure Fundamental BIOS Settings [3]}
\slidesubheading{Key files, terms, and utilities}
\begin{alltt}
/proc/ioports
/proc/interrupts
/proc/dma
/proc/pci
\end{alltt}
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\begin{slide} %ghr
\Slideheading{Configure Fundamental BIOS Settings [3]}
\slidesubheading{Resources of interest} 
Large Disk HOWTO by Andries Brouwer 
\begin{alltt}
http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Large-Disk-HOWTO.html
\end{alltt}  
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\begin{slide}{}
\slideheading{The PC Firmware---BIOS}
%\slidesubheading{} 

Responsible for bring the hardware to a state at which it is ready to
boot an Operating System.

\begin{itemize}
  \overlay{1}
  \item System reset and initialisation
  \overlay{2}
  \item Basic main memory test (RAM)
  \overlay{3}
  \item Test the presence of various devices
  \overlay{4}
  \item On board peripheral selection
  \overlay{5}
  \item Low level device configuration
  \overlay{6}
  \item Selection of boot devices 
  \overlay{7}
  \item Locating an operating system
  \overlay{8}
  \item The BIOS may have password access enabled
\end{itemize}

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\begin{slide}{}
\Slideheading{The PC Firmware---BIOS}
\slidesubheading{Accessing BIOS Setup}

The various vendors have different ways of entering the BIOS menu system
\begin{itemize}
  \item Del
  \item F2
  \item Fn Setup
  \item Special Boot Floppy
  \item 
\end{itemize}

\vfill \end{slide} %-----------------------------------------------------------

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\begin{slide}{}
\Slideheading{The PC Firmware---BIOS}
\slidesubheading{Boot devices}

  \begin{itemize}
    \item Floppy
    \item CDROM / DVD
    \item IDE Disk
    \item SCSI Disk
    \item Network 
    \item Zip / Jazz
    \item USB Disk
  \end{itemize}

\vfill \end{slide} %-----------------------------------------------------------

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\begin{slide}{}
\Slideheading{The PC Firmware---BIOS}
\slidesubheading{Resource Assignment}

\begin{itemize}
  \item PC's have memory mapped I/O and devices must not have
  overlapping I/O Addresses
  \overlay{1}
  \item Devices sharing interrupts such as \texttt{ttyS0} and
  \texttt{ttyS2} must not be used at the same time
  \overlay{2}
  \item Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows some devices to access
  memory directly, rather than via the CPU
  \overlay{3}
  \item Some PCI controllers may have to be in a Bus Mastering Slot
  \overlay{4}
  \item PCI devices may share a common interrupt
\end{itemize}

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\begin{slide}{}
\Slideheading{The PC Firmware---BIOS}
\slidesubheading{Common Device Settings}

\begin{tabular}[]{|l|ccc|}
\hline Device & I/O Address & IRQ & DMA\\
\hline ttyS0 & 3F8 & 4 & NA\\ 
ttyS1 & 2F8 & 3 & NA\\ 
ttyS2 & 3E8 & 4 & NA\\ 
ttyS3 & 2E8 & 3 & NA\\ 
lp0 & 378-37F & 7 & NA\\ 
lp1 & 278-27F & 5 & NA\\ 
fd0, fd1& 3F0-3F7 & 6 & 2\\ 
fd2, fd3& 370-377 & 10 & 3\\ 
\hline 
\end{tabular} 

\vfill \end{slide} %-----------------------------------------------------------

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\begin{slide}{}
\Slideheading{The PC Firmware---BIOS}
\slidesubheading{1023 Cylinder Limit}
\begin{itemize}
  \item Ten bit addressing of cylinders---$\mathtt{11\,\, 1111\,\, 1111_{2} =
    1023_{10}}$
\overlay{1}
  \item Large Block Addressing (LBA) used for disks larger than 1023
  cylinders ($\approx$8Gb)
\overlay{2}
  \item The boot loader must be below cylinder 1024
\overlay{3}
  \item Older versions of LILO must have \texttt{/boot} (the kernel)
  entirely below cylinder 1024
\overlay{4}
  \item The Grub bootloader does not have these restrictions
\end{itemize}

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\begin{slide}{}
\slideheading{Viewing \texttt{/proc/*}}
\slidesubheading{\texttt{/proc/dma}}
\small
\begin{alltt}
\cmd{cat /proc/dma} 
4: cascade
\end{alltt}
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\begin{slide}{}
\slidesubheading{\texttt{/proc/interrupts}}
\small
\begin{alltt}
\cmd{cat /proc/interrupts}
           CPU0
  0:    2623139          XT-PIC  timer
  1:      11619          XT-PIC  keyboard
  2:          0          XT-PIC  cascade
  5:      73992          XT-PIC  Maestro3(i)
  8:          1          XT-PIC  rtc
 11:        308          XT-PIC  usb-uhci, 
Texas Instruments PCI4451 PC card Cardbus Controller, 
Texas Instruments PCI4451 PC card Cardbus Controller, eth0
 12:     926438          XT-PIC  PS/2 Mouse
 14:     504452          XT-PIC  ide0
NMI:          0
ERR:          0
\end{alltt}
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\begin{slide}{}
\slidesubheading{\texttt{/proc/ioports}}
\small
\begin{alltt}
\cmd{cat /proc/ioports}
 0000-001f : dma1
0020-003f : pic1
0040-005f : timer
0060-006f : keyboard
0070-007f : rtc
0080-008f : dma page reg
00a0-00bf : pic2
00c0-00df : dma2
00f0-00ff : fpu
01f0-01f7 : ide0
02f8-02ff : serial(auto)
0378-037a : parport0
03c0-03df : vga+
\end{alltt}
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\slidesubheading{\texttt{/proc/pci}}
\small
\begin{alltt}
\cmd{cat /proc/pci}
PCI devices found:
  Bus  0, device   0, function  0:
    Host bridge: Intel Corp. 82815 815 Chipset Host Bridge 
                         and Memory Controller Hub (rev 2).
    Prefetchable 32 bit memory at 0xe4000000 [0xe7ffffff].
  Bus  0, device   1, function  0:
    PCI bridge: PCI device 8086:1131 (Intel Corp.) (rev 2).
      Master Capable.  Latency=32.  Min Gnt=12.
  Bus  0, device  30, function  0:
    PCI bridge: Intel Corp. 82820 820 (Camino 2) Chipset 
                                       PCI (-M) (rev 3).
      Master Capable.  No bursts.  Min Gnt=6.
\end{alltt}
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\heading{The End}
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