%\documentclass[a3paper,12pt]{ictlab} \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{ictlab} \RCS $Revision: 1.6 $ \usepackage{alltt,key,multicol,wrapfig} \newcommand*{\labTitle}{Burning Red Hat CDs with our CD Writer} %\geometry{a3paper} %\setlength{\headwidth}{\textwidth} \ifx\pdftexversion\undefined \else \usepackage[pdfpagemode=None,pdfauthor={Nick Urbanik}]{hyperref} \fi \renewcommand*{\subject}{Operating Systems and Systems Integration} \begin{document} %\begin{multicols}{2} \section{Background} \label{sec:background} %\begin{wrapfigure}[0]{r}{\linewidth} % \centering% % \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{location-of-cd-writer-a204e} % \caption{The location of the \acro{CD} writer in A204e (November 2002).} % \label{fig:location-of-cd-writer} %\end{wrapfigure} %\mbox{} %\vspace*{24\baselineskip} \begin{figure}[htb] \centering% \includegraphics[width=\linewidth/2]{location-of-cd-writer-a204e} \caption{The location of the \acro{CD} writer in A204e (November 2002).} \label{fig:location-of-cd-writer} \end{figure} We have installed a \acro{CD} writer on a computer which is currently near the entrance to A204e\@. I want all of you to install Red Hat 9 Linux on your machines at home. You will need to burn your own \acro{CD}s. This is a quick guide to burning \acro{ISO} images onto \acro{CD}s in A204e. There is also a nice program called \texttt{xcdroast} for burning cdroms where you need to construct the \acro{ISO} image yourself. \subsection{Some considerations} \label{sec:considerations} The problem is that we need the \acro{ISO} image on the local hard disk to start burning it onto your blank \acro{CD-R}. Suppose the image you need is not there? The quickest solution is to copy the image over the network from our server. We will see how to do that using the important tool \texttt{rsync}. \section{Procedure} \label{sec:procedure} \begin{enumerate} \item Go to the computer that is close to the entrance to A204d and A204f; see figure~\vref{fig:location-of-cd-writer}. \item When you start the machine, select Linux from the boot menu (at the moment, the default is Linux). \item Log in using your own \acro{ICT} account, using your student number as user name, and your own password. \item Decide what disk you want to burn \item Look to see if it is already present in the image directories \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{ls -l /cdimage} \end{alltt}%$ \item If not, then: \begin{enumerate} \item If there is not enough space, delete an image that you do not want with a command like \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{rm /cdimage/valhalla-i386-SRPMS.iso} \end{alltt}%$ \begin{explanation} you want to make sure that there is enough space in that partition to hold the \acro{CDROM} image, i.e., more than 650\,MB\@. To find how much space is available, type: \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{df} \end{alltt}%$ The \textbf{d}isk \textbf{f}ree command shows the space on each partition in units of one kilobyte. \end{explanation} \item Change to the directory where you will put the image (it should be \texttt{/cdimage}). Do \emph{not} put it into your home directory; the location should be a local drive, not a network drive. \item Copy the image that you want with a command like this: \begin{alltt} \footnotesize$ \textbf{rsync -avz --progress ictlab::rh80iso/psyche-i386-disc1.iso .} \end{alltt}%$ Notice the dot ``\texttt{\textbf{.}}'' at the end! That represents the current directory, the destination for the copy operation. The transfer took about two minutes for me. \end{enumerate} \item I have written a simple script to burn the images. To use it, type: \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{burn-cd} \meta{filename} \end{alltt}%$ where \meta{filename} is the name of the iso image you want to burn to the cd writer. \begin{explanation} You can see the script in \texttt{/usr\allowbreak/bin\allowbreak/burn-cd}. \end{explanation} \item Wait about eight minutes for the disk to be written. During this time, \emph{do not start any big programs}, in fact, do not disturb the machine too much, since this computer does not have much \RAM and it is an old PII, and it has to work hard to keep providing the \acro{CD} writer with data. \item The disk will eject when writing is finished. \end{enumerate} \section{More about the \texttt{rsync} command} \label{sec:rsync} The \texttt{rsync} program is amazingly useful (I use it many times every day). It is perfect for making \emph{mirrors} of: \begin{itemize} \item web sites \item your work \item \ldots and everything else! \end{itemize} (A mirror is an exact copy, usually made over a network). \texttt{rsync} is actually a network protocol that is clever in that it compares all the files at the source and destination, and only sends the parts of files that are different. It also can compress the data, so saving a lot of bandwidth. You can also use it with \texttt{ssh}, and connect to a Secure Shell server and transfer data over the Internet, which is the way I most often use it. \texttt{ictlab} is an \texttt{rsync} server as well as a web, \acro{NFS} and ftp server. It has a few areas accessible by \texttt{rsync}. To find all the areas available from an \texttt{rsync} server: \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{rsync -av ictlab::} ftp ftp area rh73 Red Hat 7.3 rh73iso Red Hat 7.3 ISO (CDROM) images rh72eeiso Red Hat 7.2 Enterprise Edition beta rh72 Red Hat 7.2 rh72iso Red Hat 7.2 ISO (CDROM) images rh72dociso Red Hat 7.2 documentation ISO (CDROM) images rh71 Red Hat 7.1 rh71iso Red Hat 7.1 ISO (CDROM) images rh8 Red Hat 8.0 rh8iso Red Hat 8.0 ISO (CDROM) images rh8isodoc Red Hat 8.0 documentation ISO (CDROM) image rh9 Red Hat 9 rh9iso Red Hat 9 ISO (CDROM) images rh9isodoc Red Hat 9 documentation ISO (CDROM) image \end{alltt}%$ To list all the files in the top level directory \texttt{rh80iso}: {\footnotesize \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{rsync ictlab::rh80iso} drwxr-sr-x 4096 2002/09/27 03:03:17 . -rw-rw-r-- 280 2002/09/18 03:40:02 MD5SUM -rw-rw-r-- 280 2002/09/18 03:40:02 MD5SUMS drwxr-sr-x 4096 2002/09/27 02:35:58 doc -rw-rw-r-- 675315712 2002/09/11 04:48:53 psyche-i386-disc1.iso -rw-r--r-- 666271744 2002/09/11 04:50:23 psyche-i386-disc2.iso -rw-r--r-- 677609472 2002/09/11 04:51:56 psyche-i386-disc3.iso -rw-r--r-- 626262016 2002/09/11 04:55:48 psyche-i386-disc4.iso -rw-r--r-- 679542784 2002/09/11 04:59:10 psyche-i386-disc5.iso \end{alltt}%$ } To download disk 1 of Red Hat 9: \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{rsync -avz ictlab::rh9iso/shrike-i386-disc1.iso .} \end{alltt}%$ To download disk 2 of Red Hat 9: \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{rsync -avz ictlab::rh9iso/shrike-i386-disc2.iso .} \end{alltt}%$ You will also need to download disk 3 of Red Hat 9: \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{rsync -avz ictlab::rh9iso/shrike-i386-disc3.iso .} \end{alltt}%$ I recommend that you get yourself a copy of the documentation \CD, once it is available: \begin{alltt} $ \textbf{rsync -avz ictlab::rh9isodoc/docs-9-i386.iso .} \end{alltt}%$ To get help about \texttt{rsync}, type: \texttt{man rsync}. Of course, if you want to know any details about how to use it for a particular purpose, then you can always ask Nick Urbanik \url{}. %\end{multicols} \end{document} transfer using rsync -avz ictlab::rh9iso/shrike-i386-* To list all the files in iso: rsync 'ictlab::iso/*' skipping directory /SRPMS skipping directory /disc1 skipping directory /disc2 skipping directory /doc skipping directory /powertools -rw-r--r-- 678035456 2000/09/13 22:06:48 7.0-i386-SRPMS.iso -rw-r--r-- 670564352 2000/10/04 00:27:51 7.0-i386-disc1.iso -rw-r--r-- 676231168 2000/09/28 08:48:00 7.0-i386-disc2.iso -rw-r--r-- 650471424 2000/09/23 01:39:26 7.0-i386-docs-8bit.iso -rw-r--r-- 614799360 2000/09/14 00:45:59 7.0-i386-powertools.iso -rw-r--r-- 106 1910/03/03 05:32:10 MD5SUM -rw-r--r-- 57 2000/09/23 19:26:02 MD5SUM-doc -rw-r--r-- 58 2000/09/14 06:44:33 MD5SUM-powertools -rw-r--r-- 53 2000/09/22 20:51:56 MD5SUM-srpms -rw-r--r-- 106 2000/10/04 07:42:48 md5-test.nick To download disk 1: rsync -avz ictlab::rh71iso/seawolf-i386-disc1.iso . To download disk 2: rsync -avz ictlab::rh71iso/seawolf-i386-disc2.iso . image directories: /cdimage /win98/cdimage To check disk space: df