\documentclass{ictlab}

% Copyright (c) 2003 by Nick Urbanik <nicku(at)vtc.edu.hk>.
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% conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 or later
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% http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).

\RCS $Revision: 1.9 $

\usepackage{verbatim,key,alltt}
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\newcommand*{\labTitle}{Lab Test: Using Cricket to Monitor Network Traffic}
\providecommand*{\SNMP}{\acro{SNMP}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\MIB}{\acro{MIB}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\ID}{\acro{ID}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\OID}{\acro{OID}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\FAQ}{\acro{FAQ}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\RPM}{\acro{RPM}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\MRTG}{\acro{MRTG}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\CPAN}{\acro{CPAN}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\RRD}{\acro{RRD}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\COUNTER}{\texttt{COUNTER}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\GAUGE}{\texttt{GAUGE}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\DERIVE}{\texttt{DERIVE}\xspace}
\providecommand*{\ABSOLUTE}{\texttt{ABSOLUTE}\xspace}
%\providecommand*{\}{\acro{}\xspace}


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\begin{document}
Your task is to configure Cricket to monitor network traffic in and
out of your own computer.

To do this, you will need to have the agent running on your machine,
configured with access to the Mib-2 tree.  You should have done this
already; the process is described in the handout entitled \emph{SNMP
  Agent and the Set Operation}\@.

You should provide at least one graph, with meaningful labels.

You should be able to explain what you did and why.  You have to the
end of this class to complete the exercise.

Note that this exercise mainly involves configuring a data source for
Cricket\@.  The reference manual for Cricket is helpful.  I am
reproducing the information about types of data source that Cricket
uses.

\texttt{rrd-ds-type}

Default value: \texttt{GAUGE}
    
The \texttt{DS} type is used by \texttt{RRD} to know how to interpret
the numbers fetched from this datasource. There are three
possibilities:
\begin{description}
\item[\GAUGE] The measurement will be directly copied into the
  \texttt{RRD} datafile without any extra processing. Examples of this
  type of measurement include readings from thermometers, percent disk
  space free, etc.
    
\item[\COUNTER] The measurements from \COUNTER datasources will be
  treated like SNMP counters. An \SNMP counter increases monotonically
  until a fixed wrap-around point (usually either $2^{31}-2$ or
  $2^{63}-2$, depending on the size of the data type). To convert a
  \COUNTER measurement into a rate (for instance, ``count of octets''
  to ``octets per second'') \RRD subtracts the previous value from the
  current one, and adjusts for any wraparound conditions. Any \SNMP
  variable which is marked with the \SNMP ``\COUNTER'' data type would
  normally have its \texttt{rrd-ds-type} set to \COUNTER, but unless
  your datasource guarantees a monotonous increase, it is better to
  use \DERIVE with an \texttt{rrd-min} of zero.

    
\item[\DERIVE] \DERIVE is like \COUNTER, but there is no overflow
  check, so negative rates are possible. This datasource type would be
  useful when you have a count of something (which may increase and
  decrease), and you want to graph the rate of change.
  
  With an rrd-min of zero, the \DERIVE datasource type acts like
  \COUNTER, except that negative samples are treated as unknown.
  Handling \SNMP \COUNTER{}s in this fashion helps reduce the
  occurrence of spikes in the graphs. Negative values can result from
  restarting the device or implementation errors in its \SNMP agent,
  and are common enough to really recommend using \DERIVE rather than
  \COUNTER.

%% \item[\ABSOLUTE] \ABSOLUTE is for \COUNTER{}s which get reset upon
%%   reading. Some \SNMP variables have this property. Using \ABSOLUTE
%%   instead of \COUNTER tells \RRD to compute the rate assuming the
%%   value is an absolute count of octets (or whatever) during the last
%%   polling period.
\end{description}
      
The datasource type names are case-insensitive. They are passed
directly through to \RRD when the \RRD file is created. If the
datasource type is changed later, you must use rrd-tune to apply the
change to the underlying \RRD file. For more information about them,
consult the \RRD documentation for the create command.

Please note that I have revised the first Cricket document quite a
lot, with some useful description of the way that Cricket works, and
its configuration.
\end{document}